Tuesday, March 31, 2009
owhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh
hahahaha...poyo lah saya ini :p
slap slap slap
kasi segar sikit
saya masih belum tidur.sejam yg lalu, masih terkial-kial nk siapkan kerja.sekarang sudah siap.hati lapang.mau tidur.tp knapa sy masih disini? ahahaha..tp knapa ayat2 saya amat skema?well i suppose this cud be the result frm a massive reading of law books n journals just to pick up on the subject of cbt.eh, cbt tu bkn cabut lah..cbt adalah criminal breach of trust.haaa saya adalah poyo nk explain2 plk cbt nih. saya adalah penat sgt dan pening kepala.
sleep!!
degil ya?
slap slap slap
eh, dh segar pulak.
bersempena meraikan KJ sebagai ketua pemuda umno yg dilantik dgn sgl hormat dan limpah kurnianya oleh ahli2 umno tanpa sebarang politik wang, makanya saya dengan rendah diri disini ingin berkongsi ilmu dgn anda semua berkenaan CBT..(hahaha..cam tak relevan je ngn KJ nye isu)
anyway, after went through an extensive research tht has caused my brain to become defunctionalized at this moment, (amaran kerajaan msia:membaca terlalu bnyk boleh menyebabkan otak anda bergegar) here im sharing with you guys the outcome of my research..one copy has alredy been emailed to bos sharp at 4am.
nothing's confidential cos i didnt put the client's name. Jadi tiada sebab untuk saman sy.
***********************************************************
CRIMINAL BREACH OF TRUST
Relevant sections: s405, 406, 409 and 409B Penal Code
1. S409 reads:
“whoever, being in any manner entrusted with property, or with any dominion over property, in his capacity of a public servant or an agent, commits criminal breach of trust in respect of that property, shall be punished with imprisonment for a term which shall not be less than two years and whipping, and shall also be liable to fine.”
2. s409 must be read with s405
2.1 In Syed Abdul Rahman Wan Akil v PP (2008) 2 CLJ 871: court ruled that these two provisions must be read together.
2.2 S405 provides the ingredients of criminal breach of trust.
INGREDIENTS OF CBT
3. The combined reading of s405 and s409 generates the ingredients of the charge for CBT under s409.
3.1 Refer to Syed Abdul Rahman (supra), the ingredients of s409:-
(i) entrusting any person with property or with any dominion over property.
(ii) That person entrusted;
(a) dishonestly misappropriating or converting to his own use that property;or
(b) dishonestly using or disposing of that property or willfully suffering any other person so to do in violation-
• of any direction of law prescribing the mode in which such trust is to be discharged; or
• of any legal contract made touching the discharge of such trust.
(iii) the accused must be a public servant/agent
(iv) he must be entrusted, in such capacity, with property.
(v) He must have committed CBT in respect of such prop.
4. Entrustment
4.1 the word is not defined in penal code
4.2 Jaswantlal v State (1968) Cr LJ 803:
“the expression entrustment carries with it the implication that the person handing over any property or on whose behalf that property is handed over to another, continues to be its owner. Further, the person handing over the property must have confidence in the person taking the property so as to create a fiduciary relationship between them”.
5. The mens rea and the actus reus
5.1 Actus reus : misappropriation, conversion to own use, use or dispose of that property…
5.2 Mens rea : ‘dishonestly’ as reflected in that section.
(misappropriation/conversion to own use/use or dispose of that property)
+
(dishonestly)
=
CBT
6. Misappropriation
5.1 the word is not defined in the Code.
5.2 Reference made to Sohan Lal v Emp xxxi (1915) IC 651 at page 653:
“the verb ‘to appropriate’ in this connection means setting apart for, assigning to, a particular person or use; and to ‘misappropriate’ no doubt means to set apart for or assign to the wrong person or a wrong use , and this act must be done dishonestly”
7. Conversion
7.1 According to Winfield (10th Edn, p413) conversion is :
“any act in relation to the goods of a persons which constitute an unjustifiable denial of his title to them, by implication therefore if the denial of title is justified, then there is no conviction”
• Government of Pakistan v Seng Peng Sawmills Sdn Bhd & Ors (1979) 1 MLJ 219
• Lam Teik Kai v Hallam Nominies Ltd & Ors (1971) 1 MLJ 146
8. Dishonestly
8.1 Yap Sing Hock v PP (1992) 2 MLJ 714:
“the mens rea element is contained in the word dishonestly”
8.2 The essence of dishonesty is intention: Rex v Lim Soon Gong & 2 Ors (1939) MLJ 10.
8.3 Intention can only be inferred from conduct: Public Prosecutor v Goo Kian (1939) MLJ 291.
8.4 S24 of the Act reads:
“whoever does anything with the intention of causing wrongful gain to one person or wrongful loss to another person, irrespective of whether the act causes actual wrongful loss or gain, is said to do that thing dishonestly”
8.5 wrongful loss and wrongful gain are defined in S23 of the Act:
“wrongful gain is gain by unlawful means of property to which the person gaining is not legally entitled. Wrongful loss is the loss by unlawful means of property to which the person losing is legally entitled”
- therefore, to be dishonest a person must intend to gain by unlawful
means property to which he is not legally entitled or he must intend to
cause loss by unlawful means of property to which the loser is legally
entitled : Rex v Lim Soon Gong (supra)
8.6 Accordingly,for misappropriation or conversion to amount to an offence of CBT, what is most essential to be prove is not only the retention or the disposal of the property, over the period, but also the criminal intention behind it. Unless such mens rea is established, the offence would nit be taken to have been committed.
ISSUES
9. Proof of dishonestly.
9.1 S409B reads:
Presumption
(1) Where in any proceeding it is proved –
(a) …
(b) for any offence prescribed in sections 405, 406, 407, 408 and 409, that any person entrusted with property or with dominion over property had-
(i) misappropriated …
(ii) used or disposed…
(iii)…
It shall be presumed that he had acted dishonestly until the contrary is proved.
10. Explanation of failure to account refutes the presumption of dishonestly.
10.1 misappropriation per se will not amount to conviction of CBT. It must be accompanied with the failure of the accused in giving explanation for his failure to account. This is to rebut the presumption of dishonestly under s409B as stated above.
10.2 Syed Abdul Rahman Wan Akil v PP (supra):
“Conviction of a person for the offence of criminal breach of trust may not, in all cases, be founded merely on his failure to account for the property entrusted to him, or over which he has dominion even when a duty to account is imposed upon him; but where he is unable to account or renders an explanation of his failure to account which is untrue, an inference of misappropriation with dishonest intent may readily be made”
- see also Mohamed Ezaz v State of Rajasthan (1981) All Cr R 31
11. Temporary misappropriation.
11.1 Explanation 1 to s403:
“a dishonest misappropriation for a time only is misappropriation within the meaning of this section”.
- the illustration must be read in light of dishonest misappropriation
termed under s405. Thus, it requires a strict proof of mens rea of the
unlawful means of property which cause unlawful gain to the wrongful
person or unlawful loss to the lawful person.
12. Mere retention of the property
12.1 Kinathiyil Yusuf v Thekepurakkal, 1969 Ker LR 602:
“mere retention is not sufficient to constitute the offence. Unless there’s some actual user by him in violation of law or contract. Even if there is such user, there must be dishonest intention”
13. Breach of trust v. Breach of contract.
13.1 It is well settled that every offence of CBT involve civil wrong in respect of which the complainant may seek its redress for damages in the Civil court, but every breach of trust in the absence of mens rea, cannot legally justify a criminal prosecution.
13.2 M.L Chopra 1976 Chand LK 393 (Punj):
“in case if the amount is paid in such a manner the depositee becomes its full owner and is free to use it in anyway he likes, but the same is not paid back under any pretext, then it is not a case of criminal misappropriation or breach of trust, but only breach of contract.”
harapan saya, anda2 semua akan lebih memahami bahawa pecah amanah tidak hanya berlaku atas sebab terdapat penyalahgunaan amanah/harta tersebut. tetapi, pihak pendakwaan juga have to prove the existense of mens rea ie NIAT JAHAT yg amat busuk sekali. niat adalah sesuatu yg didalam fikiran.
bagaimana ya mahu membaca niat yg berlegar2 diruang minda seseorang? not an easy task aite? well, to all my dpp frens, i wish u all the best in your trial proving the existence of mens rea.
i wonder if one's intention, be it bona fide or mala fide is written on their face,
KONPEM LAH..!!!!.....
pembunuh, perogol, pengkhianat bangsa dan negara (eh emo lak tetiba), perampok penyamun segala, pembodek bos, penyapu b*nt*t bos dan segala bagai makhluk hina ini, sure terus insaf dan pupus dr muka bumi ini..ahaha
(amende ntah pepagi buta ni si raidahsalwa ni nk emo sorg2)
ok laa..i still hv anor 2 hours to sleep.
better put a stop now sblm merapu ke thp gaban
lagi pon esok ada kes kat industrial court.
maknenye 8.30pg dh kna terpacak kat situ.dh laa puan amelia yg garang thp otomen tu esok
menci!!!
selamat tdur yaa
tata!!!!
Monday, March 30, 2009
bgn tidur pagi td memikir sesuatu
tp tak boleh nk ingat
apa ya?
sampai opis buat air milo
kak zu tny "u tak puasa ya?"
aaaaa...br sy ingt
last week dh plan mau posa on monday
SAYA ADALAH TERLUPA!!!
geram jerrrrrr.
sambung blk buat JR nih
Label suka-suka
Friday, March 27, 2009
nways...ni pic tunang kwn2 sy yg agak sudah lapok dikorek2 dr folder pc cabok ini.
DHIYA SYAZWANI dan slamat menikah dh pon.masa ni aku ade dtg..tp time tu adalah bz masa still ngn selvam shanmugam..so amatlah jarang aku hapdet blog..but still u looked gorgeous dear
JAMILAH SYUHADAH aka momi tohet aka melah tohet..time dia tunang sy tak dapat pegi..ngapa ya?hahah biarlah rahsia..:p ada org ckp time momi tunan muka dia mcm rozita che wan..aku tgk muka momi mcm momi je..hahaha
dh ler tu..ckup2 le paksa aku tulis entry psl korg wahai jinbengs ku skalian..aku nk ngadap submission judicial review nih..dh ler kadir musa..harus aku kna nih dgn yang arif..adoiyaiiii...slamat bekerja peeps..enjoy the friday soon to be saturday..tata..
toink..toink..
Label wedding and engagement
21.3.2009
rakan seponteng kelas sy time kat uia(hihih...tukang sign attendance aku ni) cik naseem dh selamat bertunang..dgn tokdi.sorry seem i cudnt find tokdi's pic from ur fb..i wasnt there to witness the meaningful event of her life but my prayer will always be with you.
she looked extremely gorgeous. how i wish i was there to celebrate the joyous moment..but i ll try to make it for your wedding. oleh itu, saya tujukan khas entry ini buat rakan, sahabat dan sister sejiwa saya..MISS NASEEM ABDUL SAMAD...congratulations buddy!!!
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Thursday, March 26, 2009
ENtry kurang ikhlas ditujukan buat uare n doyok..hahahah
0 tukang karut Posted by ~salwaredzuan~ at 10:44 p.m.sy adalah ngantuk banget.tp dipaksa melalui ancaman kekerasan oleh dpp dan majistret ini..mereka mahu publisiti murahan..mahu photonya di publish secara percuma..tp saya adalah kawan yg baik hati..ya benar!!!
SILA AKUI WAHAI NAZUHA DAN DOYOK!!!!
ok laa ceta nya begini..last month wedding doyok aku tak dpt pergi..sbb time tu aku bwk diri jauh ke seberang.mengubat hati yang parah..(wahh..ayat tak bleh blah laa..).so tak dpt laa mai p weddg minah nih..sedang aku nk tdo..dipaksanya aku tepek2 kan gambo kawen dia dlm blog aku nih..kijam dan keji sungguh caranya..
tapi hati sy yang BAIK SERTA SUCI mengatasi segalanya..maka dengan limpah kurnia dan belas ihsan sy...maka terperilah gambar perkahwinan doyok n abe niik tersebut.alkisah conference kami bertiga, sy, ua dan doyok, pd mlm ni..
tp kamu mmg cantik sekali hari weddg itulah..hari lain..hmmmmm...mls mau ckp..hahahahah..sendiri mau ingt ahh...mungkin kamu pakai susuk ya?ahhahaha...(jgn tibai saya..tulunnnnnnnnnnnn)
ni laa puan dhiya on her wedg day..mmg cantik(kali ni sy amat ikhlas..)toink toinkkkk
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Label kerja
Monday, March 23, 2009
it s 2am n m still awake..masih memikirkan the outcome the 2 interviews last week.i really hope they ll call back this week n convey some gud news to me..the only thing tht im concerned abt is my salary.cos for both interviews, i was told tht my current salary is quite high..with only 1yr n 6months experience in the practice, perhaps i was overrated by my former n current employer. (note:to compare with othe lawyers of my experience, mine is a bit higher jerr...)
(anor note: gaji loyer2 adalah sgt sikit) hahahaha..keji la kan..but i dun mind cos im sooooooo in love with this profession.
i hate interviews and i hate it more when ppl ask this question during interview
TELL ME ABOUT YOURSELF?
urghhh wat am i supposed to answer..and how?it s too general..i know it s a standard question but it s too general in a sense tht u ll never stop talking about urself n sumtime it almost sounds like ur bragging about ur family n achievement in life (though i have none yet..haha), how smart u are..how many A's u got for spm, pmr bla bla bla
all informations are stated in the resume..y cant they just flip it and read? or was it a personality test?cos im realy bad in marketing..cos ppl say in ajob itvw, u have to sell urself..n im damn sux in marketing..give me issues, i will argue and submit..but nvr ask me to sell product..cos i ll end up buying it instead of selling...hahahahah
perhaps i should have just told them something tht they wudnt blv like:-
1. dulu masa sekolah saya suka ponteng prep n ponteng kelas
2 .dulu masa sekolah, saya pernah dipecat jd pengawas sbb lawan warden (dilantik jd pengawas
pon sbb pengetua nk guna reverse psychology..well it didnt work cos i was too smart then to know their tactics..hahah)
3. saya tak pernah join apa2 persatuan, kelab masa di uia..it s not tht im an anti-social..but my have my own style socializing with ppl..hahahah keji lah sy ini..
4. saya mahu jd peguam sbb sy suka tgk ally mcbeal (hhohoho glemer oo ceta ni dulu)
5. sy tak suka pergi kelas masa kat uia
6. saya bwk kereta savvy saya itu lagaknya mcm pelumba kereta tersohor (2 hrs 30 minutes kl-jb and 2hrs kl-lumut, 4hrs kl-alor star)
7. sy ada more than 20 pairs of shoes..(hahah ni aagak sikt nk dibanding dgn kwn2 yg lain)
8. saya tidak suka baca suratkhabar, tidak suka tgk news on tv..
9. tapi saya sukaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa yg amat sgt to watch mcm2 aznil
10. i play futsal but i dun watch footies..(yg ni dh diberitahu semasa proses intvw.when iw as asked btw MU or liverpool, i picked none.selamat cos tht person is actually a fan of liverpool)..hahaa
so i have completed the 1o THINGS ABOUT ME wc i found none are relevant to be discussed or mentioned durg intvw..hahaha..so i better not to spill them out
okey..next question
WHAT IS YOUR GOAL IN LIFE?
lord, pls save me..cos when i was asked ths Q, i quickly answred, i want to be rich...hell yeah..tht was my answer..sounds stupid and bimbo-ish..they might think tht i am the next legally blonde of malaysia..(note: i love pink stuffs..hahah). at least i was not pretending like othe ppl.most wolud probably say
" wanna be a partner"
"wanna have my own practice"
"wanna join big company n be part of their top managemnt team"
hey..dont u wanna be rich peeps?i wanted to be rich since i was a lil kid (of course im a big girl now...and big, haha really meant it).
next...
WHAT IS YOUR GREATEST WEAKNESS
this is anor standard question. and i hate to think abt the answer.or should i just tell them i dont have any?ahahah ...my greatest weakness is...jeng jeng jeng... nahhh im not gonna tell my real weakness to anyone.y do ppl wanna kow about your greates weakness?i dun get it.do u think ppl love to tell the whole world about his/her weakness?i dunno whetr lack of self confidence is really my greatest weakness but dat was the only think i could think of at tht time..hahahaha. but ireally find tht this question is so unnecessary.
why?
because no one is perfect. but embracing the 'tiny imperfection' in ourselves is what we are all abt.what may be called imperfection is wat makes us special and unique.
anyway..i dont think tht any living 1creatures love to brag about their weaknesses.
**********
erkk.o..mcm panjang jer entry nih...ahhaha stop lah.
ok nk titon..papai..
toink toink toink
mimpi katak lompat2 tgi (sgt tak relevan)
Label kerja, thoughtful
Sunday, March 22, 2009
plan nk celebrate besday jannnah..n kebetulan huda ada kat kl..so pg td g la ..sy yg poyo konon suggest laa nk g kat the pink sage..sb teruja tgk tmp tu dlm blog along..tp diorg tgh renovate daaa..esok br start bisnes blk..hahahah free2 je aku kna kutuk ngn eva n huda..tp takpa..sbb dh mls sgt..kitog pon redah je capsquare tu...adala kopibin, starbak, ntah apa2 lg ntah..then kitorg g tappers sbb kaler dia putih..cm bes t jaa...hahah..
ejoy the piccas yg tunggang terbalik nih sbb..
sy mmg mls mau susun2...lalalallal
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Thursday, March 19, 2009
post ini adalah berkenaan dengan kedai makan rakan saya..harlinda & husband yg terletak di batu 8 gombak..budak2 uia mostly tau kot area ni..alaa depan tempat mkn kat dpn kubur tu jerr..menu dia ok laa...sodap pon sodap.ada ayam golek.ada ikan golek.sotong golek.cendawan golek (hahaha yg ni adalh tipu..) cendawan goreng tepung lorr..air pisang adalah sangat sedap ok...
amat teruja cam apo jer dpt minom air pisang..sy kebas encik O punya air pisang..smlm adalah mkn malam bersama eva dgn encik O.konon laa nk amek gambo letak kat blog sbb nk tulun promote kedai linda..tp ayam golek da dpn mata..licin..hahahah.amek gambo ayam dlm perut bleh laaa.
makan mlm smlm adalah sbb sy blk kje awal..hahah..asik pulang lewat ajo...skali skala mau laa pulang awl.itu pon smlm half day (gaji kna potong ..uwaaa) sbb sy nk pegi tutttttttttttttt...confidential..tak bleh sbb..rahsia rasmi negara.lalalalaal.
hari ini adalah kerja.datang awl ke kanntor.kad ijau..yeah..liverpool rawk (ahahah tiber jer) pd hal sy adalah tidak suka tgk bola..hahaha poyo je sy ini lah.
mlm ini mau mkn di NZ dgn staff2 sy..kak zu dgn kak iza..zul pon nak nyempit ahhh..kitowang nk jumpa liana..wendu laa sama receptionist gue itu..
ok lah.sy mau sambung kerja.mau update status semua file sebelum dot dot dot ...
papai peeps..toink toink
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Monday, March 16, 2009
MALAM BERINAI...GLAM LAH KAMU YA COCOLINA...SELAMAT PENGANTIN BARU DEAR BESPREN
MY BIRTHDAY CAKE N ME..GUYS...TENKIU YAA KALIAN..YOU KNOW WHO YOU ARE N I DUN HAVE TO MENTION UR NAMES HERE...NANTI BIKIN KONTROVERSI DI KANTOR
Sunday, March 8, 2009
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Monday, March 2, 2009
aku nyer angin mls kijer dh dtg lagi.
apasal ntah aku rasa tak smgt nk kje sini lagi da..
tapi time2 gawat ni..klu aku lompat kijang sana sni..
ada ke offer?kang last2 aku puteh mata jerr..
aku takmo jd loyer dh
aku rasa ni kali yg ker sejuta aku ckp nk quit prektis,,,,,
aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa
menciiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
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Sunday, March 1, 2009
smlm 28.2.2009-wedding puan syafa kiterr..an she looks gorgeous....keta bmw aku smlm jadi teksi sapu.ahahha..min tdo umah aku.aku g amek dia ari jumaat kul11.pastu blk umah aku..gusip2 kjp..then tdo.esoknye bngn awal konon nak p awl laa sbb aku kna blk cpt.dh janji nk bwk my nephews tgk ipin dgn upin ptg tu.plan nk kuar jul 11 am.tiba kul 1030 si ainin kol nk tumpang..dia plak br bgn.so aku p amek dia kat sri gombak dlu.tgu dia dkt 20 minit br laa dia kuar umah dgn gayanyerr..hahaha
pastu off we went to tesco ampang.amek si minah cina eva tu pulak..jalan dah ler cam *(&)&^&$^&*^ jer..bnyk gila dosa aku aritu dok maki2 org.hahaha.yang bijak nyer..smua 4 ni pegi tak bwk kad kawen...sib baik senang cari umah syafa walopon tpaksa tanya abg mekanik yg tak ensem tu..
sampai je umah syapa..nk cari parking susah gilaa...ternampak uare..sidik..ezad..amy...then terus p serbu makonnn dulu..leya joined us later..pas mkn yg sodap2..(syapa..mmg btul laa ko ckp mkn sodap..kami dh ler cam kambing yg kelaparan) so kami mkn dgn jayanyer..pastu borak2 jap dgn smua kwn2 yg poyoyess tu..then p amek gambo..ni lerr hasil nyerr pengantin syapa-acap..cun laa ko syapa..ni yg buat aku rase nk kawennnn nih..ahahahhaha
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